Elixir Meaning in Hindi
Elixirs are clear, sweet, hydroalcoholic liquid preparations that are intended for oral administration.Elixir preparations either contain flavoring agents or active medicaments.
The main solvents of elixirs are alcohol, water, glycerin, sorbitol as well as syrups. Sometimes sweetening agents are also used as an additional solvent.
The elixirs are either formulated by simple solution or by mixing the various ingredients.
These preparations are also used as a vehicle or for providing the therapeutic effects of drug substances that they contain.
The main ingredients of elixirs are water, alcohol, glycerin, sorbitol, preservatives, and flavoring agents.
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Elixir Meaning in Hindi - एक दवा, सुधा, अमृत
These types of elixirs contain some flavored as well as aromatic substances.
The non-medicated elixirs are also used as a solvent for other liquid formulations.
While manufacturing the liquid oral dosage forms the heating and cooling of the solution are mandatory.
For this purpose, either cold water or steam may be supplied through the tank which is jacked. The content inside can be observed by supplying light.
If the liquids are miscible and mobile then their mixing is very easy.
To encourage the flow of liquids and simple mixing device is very essential.
If the liquids are very viscous then the high-capacity electric stirrer may be used.
For proper mixing of liquids, an agitation system is fixed to the mixing tanks.
When the solution is highly concentrated or the solute is dissolved slowly into the mixture then heat may also be employed for better mixing.
Charge the following materials in the amount specified in the standards that is the water in the compounding tank. Each drug is dissolved with the help of agitation and agitates the content in the compounding tank until a homogeneous mixture is achieved then cool it at 30°C.
Filter the batch and pour it into the compounding tank until the filtrate is clear. After discharging filtrate collected into the holding tank.
Finally, sample the batch and submit it for testing as per the standard procedure.
Hence, elixirs are also used to provide rapid relief and easy administration, due to which it becomes the most popular drug among patients of all age groups. Hope, you liked the article, Elixir (meaning in hindi). If you have any queries feel free to ask in a comment.
Types of Elixirs
Elixirs are of two types.a) Medicated Elixirs
Medicinal elixirs contain some medicinal substances along with other drug ingredients.b) Non-medicated Elixirs
The non-medicated elixirs do not contain any medicinal substances.These types of elixirs contain some flavored as well as aromatic substances.
The non-medicated elixirs are also used as a solvent for other liquid formulations.
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Generally, propylene glycol and glycerol are used as a solvent.
Citric acid is used in the neomycin elixirs at a pH range from 4.0 to 5.0 to control the darkening that occurs while storing such types of elixirs.
sweetening agents are used such as in phenobarbital elixir, the compound orange spirits with glycerol are used and in chloral elixir, the black currant syrup is used as a flavoring agent.
The preservatives that are used most commonly in elixir preparations are chloroform with double strength, benzoic acid, methyl ester of p-hydroxy benzoic acid, and benzoic acid.
1) First dissolve the water-soluble ingredients in the water.
2) Then in this mixture add sucrose into it and dissolved completely.
3) Now, dissolve the other ingredients in alcohol.
Note - To make a clear solution the concentration of alcohol should be 5- 40%.
4) Now the aqueous solution is added to the alcoholic solution by stirring continuously and making up the volume with the required solvent or vehicle.
5) After the preparation of the primary solution, the sucrose solution must be added to it because sucrose increases viscosity and decreases the solubility properties of water.
6) During the preparation of elixirs adding the aqueous phase of alcoholic solution maintained a high alcoholic content.
7) Elixirs should be clear so it is important to filter or strained properly. If there is necessary to clear the elixir more than purified talc or siliceous earth may be used.
From the microcapsules, the dissolution rate constant of the drug is generally increased as compared to the drug that is to be used alone probability is due to the cosolvent ethanol.
Formulation of Elixirs
There are the following types of ingredients that contain elixirs.Vehicles
For keeping oils, vegetable extracts, tannins, etc in solution almost 10% to 20% of alcohol is used.Generally, propylene glycol and glycerol are used as a solvent.
Stabilizers
The decomposition of the antibiotics is catalyzed by the heavy metals which are separated by the use of disodium edetate.Citric acid is used in the neomycin elixirs at a pH range from 4.0 to 5.0 to control the darkening that occurs while storing such types of elixirs.
Flavouring Agents
In various medicinal formulations fruit flavors as well assweetening agents are used such as in phenobarbital elixir, the compound orange spirits with glycerol are used and in chloral elixir, the black currant syrup is used as a flavoring agent.
Preservatives
In elixir preparations the chances of mold growth may occur so, it can be inhibited when the elixir formulation contains more than 20% of alcohol, glycerol, or propylene glycol.The preservatives that are used most commonly in elixir preparations are chloroform with double strength, benzoic acid, methyl ester of p-hydroxy benzoic acid, and benzoic acid.
Method of Preparation of Elixirs
While preparing the elixirs there are the following steps;1) First dissolve the water-soluble ingredients in the water.
2) Then in this mixture add sucrose into it and dissolved completely.
3) Now, dissolve the other ingredients in alcohol.
Note - To make a clear solution the concentration of alcohol should be 5- 40%.
4) Now the aqueous solution is added to the alcoholic solution by stirring continuously and making up the volume with the required solvent or vehicle.
5) After the preparation of the primary solution, the sucrose solution must be added to it because sucrose increases viscosity and decreases the solubility properties of water.
6) During the preparation of elixirs adding the aqueous phase of alcoholic solution maintained a high alcoholic content.
7) Elixirs should be clear so it is important to filter or strained properly. If there is necessary to clear the elixir more than purified talc or siliceous earth may be used.
Dry Elixirs
Dry elixirs generally contain non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and dextrin ethanol is encapsulated.From the microcapsules, the dissolution rate constant of the drug is generally increased as compared to the drug that is to be used alone probability is due to the cosolvent ethanol.
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While selecting the raw materials for the manufacturing of liquid orals they should be completely tested before being used.
Water is the most important constituent in liquid oral dosage forms except for the active drug ingredients. The purified water should be used as per the USP standards. It can be obtained either by ion exchange treatment or by distillation.
In a few years, there are following techniques are used for the microbial purity of the water supply such as membrane filtration, reverse osmosis purification, and ultraviolet sterilization, where microorganisms can grow.
Manufacturing Considerations
Raw Materials
In the manufacturing of liquid orals, the raw materials that are used should be as per the specifications and these should assure purity, identity, uniformity as well as freedom from contamination.While selecting the raw materials for the manufacturing of liquid orals they should be completely tested before being used.
Water is the most important constituent in liquid oral dosage forms except for the active drug ingredients. The purified water should be used as per the USP standards. It can be obtained either by ion exchange treatment or by distillation.
In a few years, there are following techniques are used for the microbial purity of the water supply such as membrane filtration, reverse osmosis purification, and ultraviolet sterilization, where microorganisms can grow.
Equipments
There are the following types of equipment used in the formulation of elixirs.Mixing Tanks
The mixing tanks are made up of stainless steel and are available in different sizes.While manufacturing the liquid oral dosage forms the heating and cooling of the solution are mandatory.
For this purpose, either cold water or steam may be supplied through the tank which is jacked. The content inside can be observed by supplying light.
Agitators
To ensure the complete solubility of the contents while mixing the contents should be stirred thoroughly.If the liquids are miscible and mobile then their mixing is very easy.
To encourage the flow of liquids and simple mixing device is very essential.
If the liquids are very viscous then the high-capacity electric stirrer may be used.
For proper mixing of liquids, an agitation system is fixed to the mixing tanks.
Measuring Devices
For measuring the liquids there are different categories of measuring devices are required.Filtration Systems
Before using the solvents for the formulation of elixirs they should be filtered. Sometimes these systems are used for the sterilization of liquids as well. Although, there is no required sterilization of liquids at always. But filtration of liquids is important to polish the formulations.Personal
Personal work is one of the most important sources of contamination. To avoid this type of contamination, the person should wear a head covering, gloves, and face masks at all times while formulating the liquid orals.Compounding Procedure
With the help of rapidly dissolving materials the dilute solution is prepared and agitates the solution continuously until a homogeneous solution is obtained.When the solution is highly concentrated or the solute is dissolved slowly into the mixture then heat may also be employed for better mixing.
Compounding Instructions
In a compounding tank, 2000 liter of purified water is charged with the help of a water meter. Heat it to almost 50°C and check the volume with the standards.Charge the following materials in the amount specified in the standards that is the water in the compounding tank. Each drug is dissolved with the help of agitation and agitates the content in the compounding tank until a homogeneous mixture is achieved then cool it at 30°C.
Filter the batch and pour it into the compounding tank until the filtrate is clear. After discharging filtrate collected into the holding tank.
Finally, sample the batch and submit it for testing as per the standard procedure.
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