What is the Tablet Dosage Form? टैबलेट डोजेज फॉर्म क्या है?

A tablet is an oral dosage form. Tablet dosage form contains a mixture of active ingredients and excipients that is compressed from powder into a solid dose. In this article, I will talk about the basic information about the tablet dosage form.

What is the Tablet Dosage Form?

Tablet dosage forms have been used since the latter part of the 19th century. Because of their advantages over other dosage forms, their acceptance has increased day by day and become the predominant dosage form.

A tablet is a solid dosage form that has been used worldwide since ancient times.

A tablet is a solid dosage form that contains the main active ingredient or substance, either including or excluding the suitable diluents.

In today's scenario, the majority of manufacturers prepare tablets by the compression method. Compressed tablets are also the most preferred dosage form.

If we talk about the procedures that are applied in the process of compressed tablet manufacturing, then it happens with the help of dies and punches. Very high pressure is applied to the granules or powder for the preparation of different shapes and sizes of tablets.

Tablet is one of the most popular dosage forms because it has double advantages means it is beneficial for both patients and manufacturers.

Advantages of Tablet Dosage Form for Patients:

1) Dose accuracy mean the patient can take an exact amount of drug in the form of a single tablet?

2) Due to the compact size tablet is a very suitable dosage form to be taken by the patient.

3) Tablet dosage forms are very gentle or mild in taste.

4) Due to the small size, it is very easy for the patient to take, which means its administration becomes very easy for the patient.

Advantages of Tablet Dosage Form for Manufacturers:

1) The manufacturing of the tablet dosage form is very simple, and the cost of manufacturing is also low.

2) As compared to the other dosage forms, tablets are very stable.

3) The packaging, dispensing, and shipping of the tablets are also very suitable.

The types of equipment that are used in the production of tablet dosage forms are improving day by day, in terms of their production speed and their uniformity.

Different Shapes of Tablet Dosage Form

• Round
• Oval
• Discoid
• Oblong
• Cylindrical
• Triangular
• Diamonds
• Pentagons
• Hexagons

The tablet dosage form can vary or differ in their shapes and sizes, and it also depends upon the amount of drug substance or medicaments present in the tablets, and also on the method by which the dosage form is to be taken.

Tablets also vary in hardness, thickness, disintegration, and dissolution characteristics depending upon their use and mode of manufacture.

Properties and Advantages of an Ideal Tablet

• The objective of formulation or manufacturing of the tablet dosage form is to deliver the exact amount of drug in the proper form at the proper target over a specific period of time.

• The tablet should be elegant and free from defects such as cracks, chips, contamination, decoloration, etc.

• It should be chemically and physically stable.

• It should be capable of preventing changes in the chemical and physical properties of medicaments.

• It should be capable of resisting the mechanical shocks that occur in its production, packing, shipping, and dispensing.

• An ideal tablet should be able to release the medicaments in the body in a predictable form.

Tablets can be classified according to the manufacturing methods.

a) Moulded Tablets

These tablets are prepared by small-scale production methods.

b) Compressed Tablets

These tablets are prepared by large-scale production methods.

Various Types of Tablets are Used in Different Routes

Oral for ingestion	Used in the oral cavity	Administered by other route	Used to prepare a solution
Compressed tablet	Buccal tablet	Implantation tablet	Effervescent tablet
Multiple compressed tablets	Sublingual tablet	Vaginal tablet	Dispensing tablet
Delayed-action tablet	Troches and Lozenges		Hypodermic tablet
Sugar coated	Dental cone		Tablet triturate
Film-coated tablet
Chewable tablet

Types Of Tablets

Compressed Tablet

The compressed tablets are prepared by the compression method. This is the simplest method to prepare the tablet. These tablets are prepared with granules or powdered materials. These tablets are either compressed directly in the compression machine or combined with additives or diluents, binders, disintegrants, colorants, lubricants, and flavoring agents, if any. There is no special type of coating in the manufacturing of compressed tablets.

Sugar-Coated Tablets

Sugar-coated tablets are also a type of compressed tablet with a coating surrounding the tablet called a sugar-coated tablet. These coatings can be or can not be colored to mask (reduce) the unpleasant (bitter) taste and odor (bad smell) of the tablets. Sugar-coated tablets are very popular due to the patient's acceptance because of their sweet taste.

Film-Coated Tablets

The film-coated tablets are also a type of compressed tablet that is covered with a thin layer of water-soluble materials. Many film-forming substances are used, such as different types of polymers. The film coating has some characteristics over film coating as it reduces the time of the coating process.

Enteric-Coated Tablet

The Enteric-coated tablet is also a compressed tablet. These tablets have the property that when a patient takes an enteric-coated tablet, it's coting dissolved in the stomach where gastric acid is present and disintegrates into the intestine to produce the desired action. The enteric-coated tablets are used when there is a delayed release of medicaments required.

Multiple Compressed Tablets

Multiple compressed tablets are the type of compressed tablets prepared by more than one compression method. The requirements of these types of tablets occur when two or more active ingredients are used in one tablet, and they are not compatible with each other means due to the stability of active ingredients.

Effervescent Tablets

Effervescent tablets are the types of tablet that contains sodium bicarbonate, which acts as a disintegrating agent by reacting with water to produce carbon dioxide gases called effervescent. Effervescent tablets contain sodium bicarbonate and tartaric acid or citric acid.

Buccal and Sublingual Tablets

The Buccal and Sublingual tablets are prepared for inserting the drug into the space between the lip and gum, which is the Buccal cavity in the mouth. The size of these tablets is small, flat, and oval. These types of tablets are prepared by hard compression; these tablets dissolve in the buccal cavity very slowly.

Molded Tablets or Tablet Triturates

These tablets are prepared with the help of triturate mold, which gives the desired shape of cut sections of a cylinder. Generally, these tablets are prepared from moist materials. The molded tablets are completely and very rapidly soluble. The main problem that occurs while preparing these tablets is that it is very difficult to find a completely water-soluble lubricant for these types of tablets.

Dispensing Tablets

Dispensing tablets provide a sufficient amount of potent drugs that can be mixed easily into powders and liquids.

Hypodermic Tablets

Hypodermic tablets are soft, readily soluble tablets and were originally used for the preparation of solutions to be injected.

Conclusion

I hope you like my article on what is the tablet dosage form? I give the information about the tablet dosage forms, their benefits, and their preferences over the other dosage forms. If you have any questions or queries related to the article, then feel free to ask in the comments section.

FAQ

Ques 1- Why are tablets popular as a dosage form?

Ans- Due to various reasons, tablets are the popular dosage forms.

1) Tablets are easy to manufacture, package, and transport.

2) Tablets are very cost-effective.

3) Tablets are having longer shelf-life, and are very stable in all conditions.

4) Tablets are very convenient for patients to use.

5) Tablets can be formulated as per various release profiles like immediate, extended, and delayed release.

Hence, it can be said that tablets are one of the most versatile dosage forms that are most widely used by the pharmaceutical industry.

Ques 2- OSD tablet?

Ans- OSD (Oral Solid Dosage) is the type of tablet that is taken through the mouth in a solid form. These tablets are used for the delivery of drugs.

For achieving the specific therapeutic requirements, such as delayed-release, immediate-release, sustained-release, and controlled-release tablets are formulated.

The OSD tablets give consistent dosing, longer shelf life, and are also a very reliable option for drug delivery.

Ques 3- Controlled release tablet with example?

Ans- The controlled-release tablet is manufactured to release the drug substance for a specific period of time, in place of drugs that are given all at once.

The controlled-release tablet is designed to release medicaments slowly to achieve a sustained therapeutic effect.

Example - Metformin extended-release tablet.

Ques 4- Tablets definition of a pharmacy?

Ans- Tablets are solid unit dosage forms that contain active ingredients with many excipients like binders, fillers, and lubricants. These ingredients are compressed into different-sized tablets so that they can be easily swallowed. So, tablets are one of the most convenient and most widely used dosage forms because they can be administered easily, are very stable, and give precise doses.

Read More - Solid oral dosage Forms (Tablets or Capsules)
Read More - How do you prepare a tablet dosage form?
Read More - What are the Excipients used in Tablet Manufacturing?